Reading comp PrepTest 153 · Section 1 · Question 1

Passage

 Most writings on the subject of motion pictures, including those scrutinizing the structural characteristics, aesthetic qualities, and effects of motion Remaining source text redacted.
Passage walkthrough
Passage SummaryTopic: Humanities

Paragraph 1
  • Paragraph note
    • A problem for movies is introduced
  • Views, minor Meta-Structures, and the author's attitude
    • Critics - Don't consider what the film's audiences see
    • Problem - External factors get in the way of the director's intent reaching audiences (We'll probably see some of those factors in upcoming paragraphs)
Paragraph 2
  • Paragraph note
    • Some of the factors mentioned above are discussed
  • Views, minor Meta-Structures, and the author's attitude
    • There are several ways a film can be "mutilated"
      • Subtitles, which may be of poor quality
      • Dubbing, which can be more damaging
      • Reediting or new titles to make them more understandable
Paragraph 3
  • Paragraph note
    • Some more factors are discussed (specific to TV/video)
  • Views, minor Meta-Structures, and the author's attitude
    • "Most extensive" deformations
      • Loss of image size/definition
      • Ads, spoken interruptions to soundtrack, and station identifications added in
      • Increase in speed to increase time for ads
Paragraph 4
  • Paragraph note
    • Why this is accepted/overlooked, and what problems it creates
  • Views, minor Meta-Structures, and the author's attitude
    • Why is it accepted/overlooked?
      • Difference - Film can be exactly duplicated
    • Problems with alterations:
      • Criticism may be unfair when it's based on an edited version
      • Criticism of original version might set up bad expectations for audiences who see edited version
Main Point:
The heavy alterations made to movies when they're prepared for different audiences (language) and mediums create a problem for critics, audiences, and directors, in that they can set up unfair criticism and false expectations.

Key Lines:
Lines 6-10 - Set up the problem in the passage and preview what is going to be discussed
Paragraphs 2-3 - Sprinkled throughout, each factor that was mentioned in Lines 6-10 will be important to be able to find quickly
Lines 38-44 - Why the problem is accepted and overlooked
Lines 46-48 - One implication of the problem
Lines 50-57 - Second implication of the problem

Meta-Structure:
ID a Problem. While problems are generally coupled with solutions, there are passages that focus solely on the problem. For these passages, it's important to focus on the Author's exploration of the problem—especially causes and implications of it. Here, the factors throughout Paragraphs 2 and 3 as well as the cause for acceptance at the beginning of Paragraph 4 will be important. And the implications that start in Line 44 will also be.

Last Thoughts:
Paragraphs 2-3 included essentially a list of factors that played into this problem, so we should be able to quickly find any specific one of them for detail-based questions. And we shouldn't forget the superlative language in Line 23 ("most extensive")—such language usually shows up in a correct answer (though not always).

Question prompt

In the passage, the Remaining source text redacted.
Why the credited answer is right

Credited answer: D

The notes below walk through why it fits the stem and how to eliminate the rest.

Question Type

Humanities

Answer choices

  1. A
    provide evidence against a Remaining source text redacted.
    Why choice A is not credited
    Incorrect. (Lines 37-38) The last paragraph notes that most film critics ""rarely speak"" about this problem, so the passage doesn't present evidence against a claim that critics often make. It criticizes a practice that critics rarely acknowledge.
  2. B
    establish that changing the Remaining source text redacted.
    Why choice B is not credited
    Incorrect. The passage doesn't discuss the ""materials"" used in film—it discusses the methods used to edit/translate/display the films after their creation is complete. This answer would be correct in a passage about cameras and film stock, not the movies themselves.
  3. C
    refute a commonly held Remaining source text redacted.
    Why choice C is not credited
    Incorrect. (Lines 6-9) The passage is about how factors such as edits, dubs, and subtitles get in the way of the filmmaker's intent—and criticism isn't listed as one of those factors. Rather, the criticism based on these alterations might not be fair.
  4. D
    describe a problem that Remaining source text redacted.
    Why choice D matches the stem
    Correct. Question Type:
    Main Point/Methods of Reasoning

    Strategy Overview:
    Define the Main Point through the lens of what the Author intended to do, not what she intended to say

    Answer Anticipation/Relevant Lines:
    These questions split the difference between Main Point and Methods of Reasoning questions. It's asking about the primary goal of the Author, which is to prove the main point of the argument. And so we should expect the answer to align with a general version of the main point coupled with some statements about how the Author argues.

    So what is her main point? She starts by introducing a problem—movies are altered after creation—before going into the factors that lead to that problem. Then, she talks about the implications of that problem. So her main point is that films are ""mutilated/deform[ed]"" after creation, which can lead to unfair criticism and misplaced expectations. She does this by presenting the problem, factors leading into it, and the implications of it.

    Let's find an answer in that general world!

    Answer Explanation:
    (Lines 6-9; Lines 36-38) The passage starts by introducing a problem before describing the factors leading to it, justifying that part of this answer. And after going through the factors, the Author notes that audiences and most critics ""rarely speak about"" the problem, justifying the ""generally overlooked"" portion of this answer. It therefore reflects the entirety of the passage correctly, so it's the right answer.

    Key Takeaway:
    When you come across this type of question, base your anticipation in the main point, and then create a more general version of it. Then, throw in a bit of the argument's structure, and focus on the first words of the answer—the verb needs to line up with what the Author did. Here, the Author argued that something was a problem, and so we needed an answer whose primary verb reflected that.
  5. E
    explain why a particular Remaining source text redacted.
    Why choice E is not credited
    Incorrect. (Lines 50-59) The passage doesn't state that criticism of films is generally negative—it just brings up factors that can affect the criticism or how it's perceived. In fact, the last point would apply to good criticism as well as bad criticism.

What this tests

Question analytics

Based on historical answer selection rates for this question.

Answer choice distribution

  1. A 4%
  2. B 1%
  3. C 2%
  4. D Credited 88%
  5. E 5%

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