Logical reasoning PrepTest 118 · Section 3 · Question 24

Incorrect. The stimulus discusses what happens when clinical trials involve patients from multiple hospitals, but that doesn't mean that this is always the case.

Correct. Argument or Facts:
Facts

Question Type:
Must Be True

Stimulus Summary:
Increasing scientific complexity has increased multi—author papers. When multiple hospitals or institutions are involved in research, papers usually have authors from each of them.

Answer Anticipation:
The stimulus here brings up a comparative ("proliferation" meaning an increase) causal ("has led to") relationship between scientific complexity and the rise of multiauthored papers. Comparisons and causal statements tend to lead to inferences so we should note this statement.

She then gives two specific examples of this and when multiple examples are given we should pay attention to their shared features. Here in each the institutions involved in research generally each end up with an author on a paper that comes out of that research. This principle/trend can also be used to help us find the correct answer.

Answer Explanation:
This answer essentially restates the second statement of the stimulus swapping "most" for "usually." Since those two have equivalent logical force this is the correct answer.

Key Takeaway:
Sometimes identifying the elements that are likely to lead to the correct answer in a stimulus is more important than then taking that and forming a specific anticipation of the correct answer. Knowing what is likely to be relevant can get you to the correct answer just as quickly!

Incorrect. This answer reverses the logic of the stimulus a bit. There, it's noted that articles that are based on research from multiple institutions tend to have authors from each of those institutions, not that articles with multiple authors tend to have research done at multiple institutions.

Incorrect. Similar to (C), this answer reverses what the stimulus says. There, research being done with subsystems from multiple labs tended to result in multi—authored papers; that's different from saying that papers with authors from different labs used subsystems at each of those labs.

Incorrect. The stimulus notes that the authors are from the labs that contribute to the research, but it doesn't tie the researchers in with the writers. It's possible that the labs have a research team that specializes in experimentation, and a writing team that works with those researchers to write up the research.