Logical reasoning PrepTest 155 · Section 4 · Question 22

Correct. Argument or Facts:
Argument

Valid or Flawed:
Flawed

Question Type:
Flawed Parallel Reasoning

Stimulus Summary:
The universe overall gets more disordered, so despite appearances so does the biosphere.

Answer Anticipation:
That "whole" in the conclusion is a good sign that we're dealing with a whole to part flaw. Just because something is true of an entire system (here, the universe) doesn't mean that the same is true for each part of it (here, the biosphere). The correct answer will make the same jump.

Answer Explanation:
The whole lake system is beautiful, therefore this lake is beautiful. It jumps from the whole to the part, so this answer is looking good.

Key Takeaway:
Learning the different errors in reasoning and language that indicates each of them can allow for quick spotting and quick answering!

Incorrect. While this answer is close in that it starts with April and goes to the days of April, it goes wrong by stating that any given day is likely unseasonably cold. The uncertainty there makes this argument different from the stimulus.

Incorrect. If anything, this answers goes from the parts to the whole. The flaw here is using what the manifest indicates to show both truth and purpose. The manifest could be wrong, and, despite every deck holding commercial cargo, that could be secondary to what it's real purpose is.

Incorrect. The either/or nature of the conclusion here should have allowed you to quickly rule this answer out.

Incorrect. If anything, this goes from the parts to the whole, which is the reverse of what we're looking for.