Logical reasoning PrepTest 114 · Section 1 · Question 1

Correct. Argument or Facts:
Argument

Valid or Flawed:
Flawed

Question Type:
Strengthen with Sufficient Premise

Stimulus Summary:
A sudden increase in exercise increases the risk of heart attack
Conclusion - The company's new health program increases the risk of heart attack

Answer Anticipation:
The Physician's premises are a little ramble-y and repetitive, but they all boil down to one thing—suddenly increasing the amount that you exercise increases the risk of a heart attack. From this, the Physician then concludes that the company's new health program will increase that risk. For that to make sense, it would need to be true that the company's new health program involves a sudden increase of exercise for the employees.

Answer Explanation:
This answer establishes that the cause of an increase in heart attack risk is present in the new health program—a sudden increase in exercise. This answer thus justifies the conclusion that the program will increase the risk of heart attacks for the employees, making it the correct answer.

Key Takeaway:
New concepts that show up in the conclusion of Strengthen with Sufficient Premise questions will need that new concept to show up in the correct answer, tying it to something in the premises.

Incorrect. The Physician notes only that the amount of exercise matters to heart attack risk, not how strenuous it is, so this answer is out of scope.

Incorrect. The cause of increased risk of heart attack is a sudden increase in the amount of exercise. This answer only guarantees that is true of the employees under the new program if they're not already exercising regularly, which hasn't been established.

Incorrect. While this may be a sudden change in the company's policy, that doesn't mean it's a sudden change in the amount of exercise done by the employees. The employees could already be exercising, or the new health plan could build off of an old one.

Incorrect. This answer justifies the conclusion only if the employees are currently exercising at a level lower than what is required by the new health program. It's possible that they're all already exercising quite a bit—maybe the company is a gym!