Please explain.

Hi @knoxygirl, thanks for your post. The correct answer here is (D): "the spatial configuration of suburban neighborhoods both influences and is influenced by the attitudes of those who live in them." Textual support can be found throughout the passage. For "the spatial configuration of suburban neighborhoods influences those who live in them," see lines 23-25 (children growing up in suburban housing subdivisions are certain to be ill prepared for life in a diverse society) and lines 26-30 (residents are forced to drive to perform many daily tasks). For "the spatial configuration of suburban neighborhoods . . . is influenced by the attitudes of those who live in them," see generally lines 46-59 (the last paragraph of the passage, which discusses how people's desire to enjoy personal mobility provided by automobiles, consumption, and wealth have perpetuated the suburban sprawl phenomenon). Hope this helps! Please let us know if you have any additional questions!

Hello Mehran - being that lines 45-50 are from opponents of New Urbanism - how would that be used as evidence?

I would look to line 50 up to the end of the passage, the new urbanisms don't necessarily disagree with that idea but rather take a more nuanced view of it