PrepTest 144

Incorrect. This scenario doesn't involve a benefit of any kind—just a punishment that ensures the injury doesn't happen again.

Incorrect. If this scenario matched the stimulus, the factory would have to do more than fix up the factory—any benefit they obtained from breaking the law would also have to be addressed.

Incorrect. This scenario is making sure that a private group doesn't benefit, not that the person who did the wrong thing doesn't benefit.

Incorrect. This answer doesn't strip the athlete of any benefit he obtained while on the substances, it just prevents him from getting benefits in the future.

Correct. Argument or Facts:
Facts

Question Type:
Illustration (Principle)

Stimulus Summary:
A corporation that commits fraud should have any profits they made off of that fraud offset.

Answer Anticipation:
This question stem has two high-level concepts brought up in it—principles and illustrations. We need to start by identifying how the two overlap!

Here, the question stem states that we're looking for an answer that conforms to a principle illustrated above. Since the stimulus illustrates the principle, we know that it's going to describe a scenario and the principle underlies it. So we'll need to read the scenario and generate a principle guiding it. Then, we'll have to take that principle and see which answer conforms to it. So we should start by understanding the stimulus, then creating a principle that underlies it, and then generalizing it so that we can apply it to another situation.

In the case of the stimulus, it describes a scenario involving a corporation that commits fraud. The judgment made is that the corporation should be punished in a way that prevents them from keeping any money made from the fraud—including money made by using those funds when it had them. Something like:

If a corporation obtains funds fraudulently, then the punishment should make sure they don't make any money off of those funds.

Stripping the content out to leave just a generalized principle that could apply to other scenarios, we get:

If someone does something wrong, then the punishment should prevent them from getting any benefit from doing it.

Answer Explanation:
This answer brings up a situation where someone is prevented from benefiting from their crime—the profits from a book that they wrote about the crime are given away to a charity that someone else picks, so they can't even benefit by directing funds to something they support.

Key Takeaway:
For these Illustration (Principle) questions, it can be useful to go through two rounds of principle generation while working on your anticipation—a principle that's specific to the topic in the stimulus, and then a second principle built off of that one that strips away anything related to the topic. The first round makes it easier to get a principle that is specific to the question; the second round makes it easier to apply to an answer choice in a different topic area.