Aren't A and B saying the same thing?

Hi MACZ, thanks for the question. I see the difficulty you had with this one. It's not the most straightforward question in terms of how they phrased it. However, the idea that would distinguish these answer choices is that just because two things share similarities does not mean that they are difficult to distinguish. For a most obvious example, just because two people may have freckles, similar eyebrows, and a similar smile (share some similarities), perhaps they are nevertheless very easy to distinguish because one is very tall and the other is very short (easy to distinguish). The recent historians of science claim that the acceptance of scientific views can be explained in terms of ideological biases. The philosophers mentioned in the passage believe that accepted scientific views are nothing more than brave conjectures. As we see, these are clearly different and easily distinguishable viewpoints. Regardless, their viewpoints share the similarity such that they do not believe that accepted scientific views are the result of concrete and rigorous experimentation constrained by reality. They both believe there is a strong element of variable interpretation. Let me know if this helped and if you have any other questions, please ask!

Thank you! Happy Thanksgiving!

Thank you, Happy Thanksgiving to you as well!