Answer Explanation

Hi @Julie-V, Thanks for the question! We need to find the difference between the “rising expectations” and “relative deprivation” models. These two models are introduced in the second paragraph, but for our answer, we’ll need to read down to lines 23-34, where we start to compare the different theories. This part of the passage starts off by telling us the theory of rising expectations asserts that in essence, protests happen because of an advancement in civil rights making people more ambitious and making people want more. One way that might help you think of it is a chef trying to improve her recipes because they turned out well, and she wants to keep making them better to be the Iron Chef. The theory of relative deprivation, on the other hand, says that protests happen because of gains during the premovement period followed by failures to make headway relative to the dominant group. You can think of this a chef trying to improve her recipes because she knows they’re good, but she knows the place next door is better. Thus, we have two different accounts for motivation behind protests, and this is what (D) tells us. Hope this helps! Feel free to ask any other questions you might have.