Explain

^ bumping this request

I was trying to choose between A and C and could not find a conclusive reference point for either

@DanielDePasquale and @Kanyin, Happy to help. Let's take a look at (A), (B), and (C). (A) says, "defendant to the courts" The defendant is the individual who's accused of a crime. We can make the assumption that the one accused was probably never that interested in initiating legal action against his or her self. Thus, (A) is out. (B) says, "victim to society" In the private vengeance system, the victim had to fashion a remedy (as mentioned in line 5). However, under the adversarial system, lines 11 to 13 tell us that "the right to initiate legal action against a criminal has been extended to all members of society." Given the textual support we have for (B), it's the correct answer choice. (C) says, "defendant to the prosecutor" The defendant is the person accused of a crime. We can assume that the person accused is likely not that interested in initiating legal action against his or her self. Thus, (C) is out. Does this make sense? Let us know if you have any more questions!

I still don't understand why it is not victim to judge. Perhaps I am not understanding the question.

The issue with E, victim to the judge, is that it's society, as represented by the office of the prosecutor, who initiates legal action, not the judge. This can be found in lines 11-13. That's why we can get rid of E.