Logical reasoning PrepTest 156 · Section 4 · Question 5

This is not supported by the passage. We have no idea how much profit Gahagan's makes off of plants or anything else. The passage never brought up Gahagan's profits — just who Gahagan's buyers are!

We can safely cross this off. Many test-takers will instantly notice the bold, certain language in this answer choice ("never"). This kind of language is very difficult to support, so it's unlikely to appear in the correct answer to a Must Be True question.

Moreover, this isn't necessarily true. Most of those who make regular wholesale plant purchases from Gahagan's are commercial buyers/landscape contractors. However, these commercial buyers/landscape contractors can still purchase some gardening implements from Gahagan's. Also, it's possible that there are many regular wholesale purchasers of gardening implements (even if most people who purchase gardening implements purchase the implements retail and not wholesale).

This statement isn't strongly supported. We don't know how many people purchase plants or gardening implements at Gahagan's. Perhaps Gahagan's sells way more gardening implements than plants. In that case, Gahagan's regular customers would probably include more home gardeners than commercial buyers.

This is a very tempting answer choice! Although the passage says "most" of the gardening implements sold at Gahagan's are sold retail to home gardeners, that doesn't necessarily mean that "some" implements are not sold retail to home gardeners. (Remember, "some" does not equal "some do not"!) Even if some gardening implements sold at Gahagan's aren't purchased by home gardeners, that doesn't mean that some are sold to landscape contractors. Those implements could go to another type of commercial buyer.

This answer choice summarizes the second premise we diagrammed. We know that most — over 50% — of the plants purchased from Gahagan's are sold to landscape contractors. These landscape contractors are not home gardeners (the latter of whom buy retail, not wholesale, according to the second premise). That means a plant purchased from Gahagan's is more likely — i.e., there's an above 50% chance — to be purchased by a landscape contractor than a home gardener.

To put this in round numerical terms, let's suppose that Gahagan's sells 100 plants a year. We know at least 51 of those plants were purchased by landscape contractors. Even if 49 plants were purchased by home gardeners, any single plant is slightly more likely to be one of the 51 landscape contractors' plants than the 49 home gardeners' plants.