Logical reasoning PrepTest 140 · Section 3 · Question 2

Incorrect. Klein directly states this, and Brown implies she also accepts this in stating that "most of the matter in our galaxy" hasn't been found.

Incorrect. Brown states this. Klein doesn't discuss any successes of Einstein's theory, just the one failure, so we can't commit him to disagreeing with this answer.

Incorrect. Neither speaker treats Einstein's theory as necessary in determining the amount of matter in the universe. In fact, they imply that it can be observed, suggesting they both believe a theory is unnecessary to that determination.

Correct. Argument or Facts:
Argument/Argument

Valid or Flawed:
Flawed/Flawed

Question Type:
Point at Issue

Stimulus Summary:
K: Einstein's theory predicts 10x more matter than we've seen, so his theory is probably wrong.

B: His theory has made lots of correct predictions, so it's more likely we just haven't found that matter.

Answer Anticipation:
Both Klein and Brown agree that Einstein's theory predicted more matter than we've found. Klein believes that means we should abandon the theory, whereas Brown believes that means we just need to keep looking for the matter. The correct answer should highlight their different beliefs about Einstein's theory.

Answer Explanation:
This answer reflects Klein's argument. Brown, on the other hand, believes that it's more likely we just haven't found all of the matter and we shouldn't abandon Einstein's theory because of its successes. This is the point at issue between the two.

Key Takeaway:
Starting with an identification of overlap is the best way to home in on the topic most likely to show up in the correct answer for Point at Issue questions.

Incorrect. Both speakers seem to agree that, at the very least, scientists have an accurate assessment of currently discovered matter that falls well short of Einstein's prediction.