Logical reasoning PrepTest 137 · Section 3 · Question 12

Incorrect. Not a single statement in the stimulus about nurseries talks about "[m]ost" of them, so this answer is too strong to be supported by the stimulus.

Incorrect. Since some nurseries have labeled the Stark Sweet Melody as miniature and others have not, then some of them have labeled it correctly no matter what is true.

Incorrect. Without knowing if the Stark Sweet Melody is suitable for growing in a tub or pot, we can't know if labeling it miniature is correct or not.

Incorrect. It's not clear that a tree not labeled "miniature" is labeled at all, let alone incorrectly. Even disregarding that, there's no basis for determining a tree not labeled "miniature" is labeled incorrectly as there's no premise telling us how to determine that.

Correct. Argument or Facts:
Facts

Question Type:
Must Be True

Stimulus Summary:
Nurseries-some-Label Stark Sweet Melody nectarines as miniature
Nurseries-some-not Label Stark Sweet Melody nectarines as miniature
not Suitable to grow in a tub/pot → not Correctly labeled as miniature

Answer Anticipation:
We cut a lot of information out of this stimulus to focus on elements that are strong enough to allow for inferences and overlap with other statements. In particular, that last statement provides a general principle—a conditional—that can be applied to particular cases. And since we get a particular case—the nurseries and their labeling of Stark Sweet Melody—we should see if there's an inference we can draw there.

. . . But there isn't! The reason for that is that the sufficient condition of that general principle is about whether a variety of fruit tree is suitable to grow in a tub/pot. There's no discussion of that in the rest of the stimulus—certainly not as far as Stark Sweet Melody is concerned. So in order to apply the principle to that situation, we'd have to know whether or not it is suitably grown in a tub or pot.

Therefore, since that's really the only avenue that an answer could come from, it's likely that the answer will present that piece of information and allow a conclusion to be drawn. Since the sufficient condition is a variety of fruit tree not being suitable to grow in a tub/pot, then, the correct answer will likely establish that the Stark Sweet Melody nectarine isn't suitable to be grown there, and therefore those nurseries that label it as miniature are doing so incorrectly.

Answer Explanation:
If the Stark Sweet Melody variety is not suitable for growing in a tub or pot, then it's not correctly labeled as "miniature." Since some nurseries label it as "miniature," they are therefore doing so incorrectly. This answer adds in the information about the suitability of the Stark Sweet Melody for growing in a pot/tub and then correctly applies the conditional, so it's the correct answer.

Key Takeaway:
In some Must Be True questions, information relevant to the application of a conditional to a provided example will not show up until the answer choices. This definitely increases the difficulty, but knowing it's a possibility means you can look out for it! When a conditional is established but there's not enough information to apply it, identify what information is needed and focus on answer choices that bring it up.