Logical reasoning PrepTest 124 · Section 1 · Question 24

Incorrect. If the group in question has enough photopigment to see red but not enough to see shades of red, that could explain the results.

Incorrect. If the questions prompting the responses were imprecise, then people might have seen different shades of red but still reported it as red.

Incorrect. This answer suggests the group in question saw the differences but didn't care, just calling anything in the realm of red "red."

Correct. Argument or Facts:
Facts

Question Type:
Bizarro Paradox

Stimulus Summary:
The eyes use photopigments to see color. 10-20% of people who can distinguish between red and green don't report seeing differences between shades of red.

Answer Anticipation:
As with all Paradox questions (even Bizarro ones), it's important to clearly define the paradox present in the stimulus. And these frequently deal with comparisons between groups, asking you to explain an unexpected difference (or similarity) between them.

Based on that, you'd be right to expect the paradox to revolve around the comparison between the color-blind and those who can see colors. However, that's not the paradox here. The color-blind can't distinguish between colors—that's expected.

What's unexpected is that those who can see these colors report that they can't distinguish between certain shades of these colors. You could view this as an unexpected similarity between these groups, but it's better seen as its own, or as a comparison between the non-color-blind groups.

In any case, we need to find an explanation for why those who can tell red from green don't report distinctions between shades of red. Any answer that provides an explanation for that will resolve the paradox (and thus can be eliminated).

One more note—the stimulus says that the group in the paradox didn't "report" distinctions between these colors. That doesn't mean they didn't see them, just that they didn't report them. This might play a role in some of the answers, as perception vs. reality is frequently tested on the exam.

Answer Explanation:
The group in question can "easily distinguish" between green and red, so this answer doesn't apply to them and thus doesn't resolve a paradox about them.

Key Takeaway:
Make sure that you clearly define the paradox in a Paradox question. If you don't know what you're trying to explain, there's a good chance you'll pick an answer that isn't related directly to the paradox.

Incorrect. This answer suggests the group in question might have seen the different shades but didn't have a more precise name other than "red" for it and so said "red."