Logical reasoning PrepTest 119 · Section 2 · Question 23

Question prompt

Whoever is kind is Remaining source text redacted.
Why the credited answer is right

Credited answer: D

The notes below walk through why it fits the stem and how to eliminate the rest.

Argument or Facts

Argument

Valid or Flawed

Flawed

Question Type

Strengthen with Sufficient Premise Questions / Sufficient & Necessary Questions

Stimulus Summary

Kind → Loved by someone
Love someone → Happy
Therefore - Kind → Happy

Answer Anticipation

This Strengthen with Sufficient Premise question doesn’t use a common conditional indication word, but “whoever” serves the same function as “all,” and so each of these statements are conditional. We diagrammed them out in our Summary.
One important note here - notice the shift between the necessary condition of the first premise and the sufficient of the second. One is about being loved, and the other is about loving someone. If you conflated these two terms, you would have believed this argument to be valid!
Looking at the conclusion, both terms show up in premises, so the gap here is between those premises. Building a chain from both ends of the conclusion, we get:
Kind → Loved by someone | Love someone → Happy
In order to finish the chain, then, we need to find an answer connecting the two terms on each side of the gap (or the contrapositive):
Loved by someone → Love someone
~Love someone → ~Loved by someone

Answer choices

  1. A
    Whoever loves someone loves Remaining source text redacted.
    Why choice A is not credited
    Be careful here - it is true that someone who loves everyone loves someone, so this answer does tie into the argument. However, this answer fails to connect loving people to being loved, which is the gap in the argument.
  2. B
    Whoever loves everyone loves Remaining source text redacted.
    Why choice B is not credited
    This answer states something that is inherently true (if you love everyone, then you love someone, even if it’s not explicitly stated), and so it doesn’t add anything to any argument.
  3. C
    Whoever is happy loves Remaining source text redacted.
    Why choice C is not credited
    Another answer about loving everyone. This does guarantee that you love someone, but in connecting to being happy, this answer essentially just restates the second premise.
  4. D
    Whoever loves no one Remaining source text redacted.
    Why choice D matches the stem
    This answer matches the contrapositive from our anticipation. If you love no one, then you can diagram that as ~Love someone, so this answer is ~Love someone → ~Loved by someone. The contrapositive bridges the gap between the premises and allows the conclusion to be drawn.
  5. E
    Whoever loves everyone is Remaining source text redacted.
    Why choice E is not credited
    Again, loving everyone does guarantee that you love someone, but this answer makes “Kind” a necessary condition, not a sufficient one, so it doesn’t line up with the argument.

What this tests

Question analytics

Based on historical answer selection rates for this question.

Answer choice distribution

  1. A 13%
  2. B 9%
  3. C 6%
  4. D Credited 57%
  5. E 15%

Deeper help

Ask follow-ups on any step

Optional AI tutor mode will let you interrogate assumptions, compare answers, and drill weak patterns without leaving the page.

Human-written explanations stay primary; AI is an add-on when you want it.

Discussion

  • If K no G? 1 reply

    Started by mrsecurity79@gmail.com

  • Correct answer 3 replies

    Started by Jermaine1

  • Question 6 2 replies

    Started by MichaelKoss

View all discussions Start a discussion