Logical reasoning PrepTest 109 · Section 3 · Question 9

Incorrect. What machines are used isn't a "detail[] of social polic[y]" nor are electoral principles necessarily principles of justice.

Incorrect. Economic principles aren't principles of justice.

Incorrect. First there's no indication that the principles here are ones of justice (especially since it goes on to discuss wealth distribution). Second this situation describes one where two states have different principles but similar outcomes.

Correct. Argument or Facts:
Argument

Valid or Flawed:
Flawed

Question Type:
Strengthen

Stimulus Summary:
Different communities that respect all citizens end up with different policies on the elderly. Thus, general principles of justice aren't enough to tell you social policies.

Answer Anticipation:
This question stem is a little weird because it discusses principles of justice, making it sound like a Principle question. However, the stimulus is about principles of justice, so that's a topic, not a question type. But then, in another reversal, the conclusion is a general principle (about a general principle—how confusing).

That generalization is backed up by a single example, where societies with the same view on dignity/equality of all citizens have different ways of supporting the elderly. Does this support the conclusion? Views on dignity and equality would absolutely count as principles of justice, and provisions for the elderly would fall under social policy.

Since the example here does support the general conclusion, there are two potential avenues the correct answer can take. First, it can establish the existing example as representative, thus allowing a single example to support such a general conclusion ("never sufficient" being much broader than a single example can prove). Second it can establish another example of the general principle thus strengthening it.

Answer Explanation:
This answer establishes a situation where two states have similar principles of justice but different social policies thus reflecting the principle in the conclusion of the argument. By providing an example of a generalization this answer strengthens it.

Key Takeaway:
Generalizations are supported by examples. Yep that's it!

Incorrect. This answer establishes a situation where two societies with different principles of justice resulted in the same policy—very much the inversion of the conclusion.