Logical reasoning PrepTest 101 · Section 2 · Question 2

Question prompt

All people prefer colors Remaining source text redacted.
Why the credited answer is right

Credited answer: D

The notes below walk through why it fits the stem and how to eliminate the rest.

Argument or Facts

Facts

Valid or Flawed

NA

Question Type

Must Be True Questions

Stimulus Summary

People - Prefer easily distinguished colors to hard-to-distinguish colors
Infants - Easily distinguish bright colors; difficulty distinguishing subtle shades
Adults - No difficulty distinguishing subtle shades
Brightly colored infant toy sells better than same toy at same price in a subtle shade

Answer Anticipation

This stimulus starts with a general rule that applies to all people before splitting people into two groups (infants, adults) and comparing them.
We know that all people - infant or adult - prefer colors that they can easily distinguish. While adults can seemingly easily distinguish bright and subtle colors, infants can distinguish only bright colors.
Separate to this discussion, we also learn that the same toy at the same price sells better when it’s a bright color than when it’s a subtle one.
Putting these two pieces of information together since they both talk about various shades of colors, we can say that the sales of toys must be in some way related to the infants’ preferences, since the bright-colored ones sell better and it’s only the infants that have an established preference for them over subtle colors. Let’s find an answer that says something similar to that.

Answer choices

  1. A
    Infants prefer bright primary Remaining source text redacted.
    Why choice A is not credited
    There’s no discussion of primary and secondary colors - just bright and subtle shades of colors. We can’t tie secondary colors to being more subtle than primary ones, so this answer is out of scope.

  2. B
    Color is the most Remaining source text redacted.
    Why choice B is not credited
    Since the toys being compared differ only in the shades of color, we can’t compare that factor to other factors. This answer is thus out of scope.

  3. C
    Individual infants do not Remaining source text redacted.
    Why choice C is not credited
    The stimulus compares infant preferences between bright and subtle colors, not different bright colors, so this comparison is out of scope. It’s possible that, while infants prefer all bright colors over all subtle ones, they have preferences between different bright colors.

  4. D
    The sales of toys Remaining source text redacted.
    Why choice D matches the stem
    The sales data on toys looked at toys that were identical outside of the bright/subtle color distinction. Since the sales skewed towards the ones that infants would prefer (brightly colored ones), and adults wouldn’t have a preference between the two, there’s evidence that the infants’ preferences are in some way influencing toy sales. (And anyone who’s had an infant at a toy store knows exactly how that works!)

  5. E
    Toy makers study infants Remaining source text redacted.
    Why choice E is not credited
    Since there are toys being released in subtle shades that infants don’t prefer, if anything, this answer seems to have some evidence against it! The stimulus really doesn’t speak to this at all, though, making it out of scope.

What this tests

Question analytics

Based on historical answer selection rates for this question.

Answer choice distribution

  1. A 4%
  2. B 8%
  3. C 4%
  4. D Credited 80%
  5. E 4%

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